MATH 1040 - Introduction to Statistics

Practice Question 12.1.2

Here are three distributions. One of them is invalid. Determine which is the invalid distribution and what can be done to fix it.

Distribution 1 A B C D E F
Probability 0.05 0.12 0.15 0.18 0.23 0.27
Distribution 2 A B C D E F
Probability 0.14 0.20 0.24 0.22 0.14 0.09
Distribution 3 A B C D E F
Probability 0.17 0.17 0.16 0.16 0.17 0.17

Answer to Practice Question 9.2.1

Let’s start by finding the sums of each distribution.

Here is the sum of Distribution 1: \(0.05+0.12+0.15+0.18+0.23+0.27 = 1.00\)

Here is the sum of Distribution 2: \(0.14+0.20+0.24+0.22+0.14+0.09 = 1.03\)

Here is the sum of Distribution 3: \(0.17+0.17+0.16+0.16+0.17+0.17 = 1.00\)

Distributions 1 and 3 are all positive and add up to 1.0. Therefore, they are both valid distributions.

The probabilities in distribution 2 are all positive. However, they do not add up to 1.0. So, distribution 2 is invalid.